POLYMERS AND BIOPLASTICS: A REVIEW OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT AND DEVELOPMENTS

Abstract

The growing environmental concerns associated with conventional petroleum-based plastics have intensified the focus on sustainable alternatives, particularly polymers and bioplastics. This review explores the current developments, environmental impact, and potential of bioplastics as a viable solution to plastic pollution. It provides an overview of different types of polymers, highlighting the distinctions between synthetic and bio-based materials. The environmental implications of bioplastics are assessed in terms of biodegradability, life cycle analysis, and carbon footprint. Moreover, the paper discusses advancements in biopolymer technology, including innovations in raw material sourcing, processing techniques, and performance optimization. Challenges such as economic feasibility, scalability, and recycling infrastructure are also addressed. The review concludes by emphasizing the need for integrated strategies that include policy support, technological innovation, and consumer awareness to enhance the adoption of bioplastics and mitigate their environmental impact.