PHOTOCATALYTIC WATER SPLITTING: MECHANISTIC STUDIES AND NOVEL MATERIALS FOR HYDROGEN PRODUCTION

Abstract

Photocatalytic water splitting presents a promising route toward sustainable hydrogen production by harnessing solar energy. This process, which involves the decomposition of water into hydrogen and oxygen using a photocatalyst, offers a clean alternative to fossil fuel-based hydrogen generation. Recent advancements in mechanistic studies have provided deeper insights into charge separation, transfer dynamics, and surface reactions that govern the efficiency of photocatalysis. Simultaneously, the development of novel photocatalytic materials—including metal oxides, sulfides, and carbon-based composites—has significantly enhanced light absorption and catalytic activity under visible light.