EXPLORING PLANT-MICROBE SYMBIOSIS IN SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURE

Abstract

The symbiotic relationships between plants and microbes play a pivotal role in enhancing agricultural productivity and sustainability. This study explores the mechanisms and benefits of plant-microbe symbiosis, with a focus on nitrogen-fixing bacteria, mycorrhizal fungi, and plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR). These interactions not only improve nutrient uptake and soil fertility but also enhance plant resistance to pathogens and environmental stresses. Integrating such natural alliances into agricultural practices can significantly reduce the reliance on chemical fertilizers and pesticides, thereby promoting environmentally friendly and cost-effective farming. The paper further examines recent advancements in microbiome engineering and biotechnological applications aimed at optimizing plant-microbe interactions for sustainable crop production. Through an interdisciplinary lens, this research highlights the potential of leveraging plant-microbe symbiosis as a cornerstone of agroecological innovation.