ENHANCING BIO-MEDICAL WASTE MANAGEMENT IN INDIA: A MULTIDISCIPLINARY APPROACH TOWARDS SUSTAINABILITY, COMPLIANCE, AND PUBLIC HEALTH SAFEGUARDS

Abstract

Bio-Medical Waste (BMW) management has become a pressing public health and environmental concern in India, necessitating a multidisciplinary approach to address challenges in collection, segregation, treatment, and disposal. The implementation of the Bio-Medical Waste (Management and Handling) Rules, 2016, has been a step forward, but compliance gaps, inadequate infrastructure, and limited awareness remain significant barriers. This study explores BMW management through legal frameworks, the role of citizens, and disposal technologies while highlighting global best practices and actionable strategies. It emphasizes the integration of innovative waste treatment solutions, public-private partnerships, and citizen engagement to ensure sustainable and safe BMW management. A focused roadmap is presented to address infrastructural deficits, leverage emerging technologies, and enforce robust monitoring mechanisms. The conclusion emphasizes the need for collaborative efforts among stakeholders to safeguard public health and promote environmental sustainability.