WOMEN AND GENDER-BASED VIOLATIONS IN EDUCATION IN INDIA: A PERSPECTIVE ON EQUITY, EQUALITY, AND INCLUSION

Abstract

This chapter explores the extent to which women and gender-based violations proliferate in the education sector in India. Indian schools and universities continue being places of gender-based discrimination, harassment, and violence where women are often deprived of full access to education and prevented from receiving quality education through such actions. In addition, the paper covers educational settings in both urban and rural settings to discuss a number of gender-based violations, such as sexual harassment, discriminatory practices, and gender-based violence. To further add, the paper digs deeper into the various socio-cultural and structural characteristics that might facilitate or tolerate such violations, including how patriarchal norms, inadequate legal frameworks, and institutional indifference have contributed to creating an environment more conducive to such violations. Identifying barriers to women’s educational equity and the role of institutions: A qualitative study through interviews with students, educators, and policymakers focuses on using research methods to derive its conclusions. Considering these hindrances, it assesses the adequacy and effectiveness of policies and interventions already in place, including those under the POSH Act. Recommendations are also made to ensure safer and more inclusive learning environments. It calls for a serious gender-receptive reform in policies, training of teachers, and institutional frameworks that would combat violations of gender inequity in education.