BRIDGING THE GAP: EXPLORING POLICY IMPLEMENTATION CHALLENGES IN EARLY CHILDHOOD CARE AND EDUCATION

Abstract

Early Childhood Care and Education (ECCE) has been globally recognized as a critical foundation for lifelong learning, social equity, and human development. Despite progressive policies and frameworks that emphasize universal access, quality, and inclusivity, a persistent gap exists between policy formulation and on-ground implementation. This study seeks to examine the barriers that hinder effective realization of ECCE policies and identify pathways for strengthening practice. Through a qualitative lens, the research investigates systemic, institutional, socio-economic, and cultural factors that obstruct policy translation into action. Key challenges include inadequate infrastructure, insufficiently trained workforce, fragmented governance, lack of monitoring mechanisms, and disparities caused by socio-economic inequalities. The study further highlights the role of community participation, inter-sectoral collaboration, and capacity-building as essential enablers in bridging the policy–practice divide. By unpacking these complexities, the research aims to contribute to policy dialogue and offer recommendations for creating sustainable, equitable, and context-sensitive ECCE implementation strategies. Ultimately, the findings underscore the urgency of aligning intentions with realities to ensure that every child receives the nurturing care and education necessary for holistic development.