OCCUPATIONAL THERAPY INTERVENTIONS FOR AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDERS: SENSORY, SOCIAL, AND FUNCTIONAL OUTCOMES

Abstract

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a lifelong neurodevelopmental condition marked by challenges in social communication, restricted interests, and sensory processing differences that significantly affect participation in daily life. Occupational therapy (OT), grounded in occupational science and client-centered practice, plays a vital role in addressing these multifaceted needs across the lifespan. This chapter examines evidence-based occupational therapy interventions for individuals with ASD, with particular emphasis on sensory outcomes, social participation, and functional performance. Drawing on key conceptual frameworks such as the Person–Environment–Occupation Model, Model of Human Occupation, Occupational Adaptation, and Ayres Sensory Integration, the chapter highlights occupation-centered and contextually responsive approaches. Interventions targeting sensory regulation, play and social engagement, activities of daily living, educational participation, and vocational readiness are discussed. The chapter also emphasizes outcome measurement, evidence-based practice, and family-centered care as essential components for promoting meaningful participation, independence, and quality of life for individuals with ASD across diverse environments.