PSYCHOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVES IN CONTEMPORARY HEALTH AND REHABILITATION RESEARCH: A MULTIDISCIPLINARY APPROACH

Abstract

Contemporary psychological studies have become increasingly integrated with medical and allied health sciences, reflecting a shift toward holistic, patient-centred models of healthcare. This chapter examines major psychological perspectives and their relevance to modern medical practice, with particular emphasis on rehabilitation and physiotherapy. Central to the discussion is the bio-psychosocial model, which highlights the interaction of biological, psychological, and social factors in health and illness. The chapter explores key perspectives—including cognitive, behavioral, psychodynamic, humanistic, neuropsychological, and socio-cultural approaches—and demonstrates how each contributes to understanding disease processes, treatment adherence, pain perception, and recovery outcomes. Special attention is given to the role of psychological factors such as motivation, beliefs, emotional regulation, and social support in physiotherapy and rehabilitation settings. A medical study example focusing on chronic low back pain illustrates how integrating cognitive-behavioral, strategies with physiotherapy improves functional outcomes and patient adherence. Advances in neuroscience and an increased focus on patient-centred care further underscore the importance of interdisciplinary collaboration. Overall, the chapter emphasizes that effective contemporary healthcare requires the integration of psychological perspectives into medical and physiotherapy practice to enhance recovery, improve quality of life, and address the complex nature of health and illness in modern society.