RESEARCH APPROACHES IN OCCUPATIONAL THERAPY

Abstract

Research in occupational therapy provides the empirical foundation for evidence-based practice and the continued advancement of the profession (Law, Baum and Dunn, 2017). Given the complex, contextual, and occupation-centered nature of occupational therapy, diverse research approaches are required to adequately capture human engagement, participation, and performance (Kielhofner, 2008). This chapter examines major research approaches used in occupational therapy, including quantitative, qualitative, mixed-methods, and translational designs. Emphasis is placed on the alignment of these approaches with occupational therapy philosophy, client-centered practice, and real-world clinical contexts (Hammell, 2014). Methodological considerations, ethical issues, and emerging research trends are also discussed. Understanding diverse research approaches enables occupational therapists to critically appraise evidence, conduct meaningful research, and translate findings into effective practice (Portney and Watkins, 2015).