ELECTROCHEMICAL TECHNIQUES FOR ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY

Abstract

Electrochemical techniques are emerging as pivotal tools in advancing environmental sustainability due to their efficiency, versatility, and eco-friendliness. These methods encompass a broad spectrum of technologies such as electrocoagulation, electrodialysis, electro-Fenton processes, and electrochemical oxidation, all of which contribute to pollution mitigation and resource recovery. Their applications extend to wastewater treatment, air purification, heavy metal removal, and green energy generation, enabling a significant reduction in chemical usage and carbon footprint. Recent innovations in electrode materials, reactor designs, and integrated hybrid systems have further improved the cost-effectiveness and scalability of these techniques. Moreover, coupling electrochemical systems with renewable energy sources enhances their environmental compatibility, supporting the transition toward a circular economy. This paper provides a comprehensive overview of electrochemical techniques, highlighting their mechanisms, applications, recent advancements, and future potential in promoting sustainable environmental practices.