DIGITAL TECHNOLOGY, SOCIAL MEDIA, AND MENTAL HEALTH: A REVIEW OF PSYCHOLOGICAL IMPACTS AND CONTEMPORARY CHALLENGES

Abstract

The rapid expansion of digital technology and social media has transformed the way individuals communicate, access information, and construct their identities. While these platforms offer opportunities for connection, self-expression, and social support, growing evidence suggests that excessive and unregulated use may negatively affect mental health. This review paper examines the psychological impact of digital technology and social media use, with particular focus on anxiety, depression, self-esteem, social comparison, and emotional well-being. Drawing on existing empirical and theoretical literature, the paper explores both the positive and negative effects of digital engagement, highlights vulnerable populations such as adolescents and young adults, and discusses implications for mental health awareness and intervention.