PANIC DISORDER AND BREATHING BASED THERAPIES

Abstract

Panic disorder is a debilitating anxiety condition marked by repeated panic attacks featuring significant physical symptoms, especially related to the respiratory system. Growing evidence emphasizes the significance of breathing irregularities, such as hyperventilation and lower carbon dioxide (CO₂) levels, in the pathophysiology of panic disorder. These respiratory issues lead to symptoms like breathlessness, dizziness, and chest tightness, which are frequently misunderstood as dangerous, thus reinforcing the cycle of panic. Neurobiological and autonomic imbalances intensify these reactions. Breathing-oriented therapies have surfaced as successful non-drug methods addressing these processes. Methods like diaphragmatic breathing, slow breathing, the Buteyko technique, capnometry-assisted respiratory training, and pranayama seek to regulate breathing patterns, reestablish CO₂ balance, and boost parasympathetic function. Research indicates that these interventions lessen symptom intensity and enhance emotional control. Integrating breathing-focused physiotherapy techniques into the management of panic disorder could provide a secure, affordable, and clinically beneficial complement to traditional therapies