PROBLEM-BASED LEARNING (PBL) AND CASE-BASED LEARNING (CBL) IN PHYSIOTHERAPY EDUCATION

Abstract

Problem-Based Learning (PBL) and Case-Based Learning (CBL) are modern educational approaches that emphasize active participation, critical thinking, and clinical application. In physiotherapy education, these methods help students connect theoretical concepts with real-life patient management. Rather than relying solely on lectures and memorization, students engage in solving clinical problems, analyzing patient cases, discussing evidence-based interventions, and reflecting on decision-making processes. PBL and CBL improve communication, teamwork, self-directed learning, and professional confidence. Through exposure to neurological, musculoskeletal, pediatric, cardiopulmonary, and geriatric cases, physiotherapy students learn to assess impairments, establish goals, and design individualized rehabilitation programs. This chapter explains the evolution, theoretical basis, applications, educational impact, assessment methods, challenges, and future developments of PBL and CBL in physiotherapy education.