TRAUMA INFORMED CARE AND PSYCHOSOCIAL REHABILITATION: AN OCCUPATIONAL THERAPY PERSPECTIVE

Abstract

Trauma is a complex condition arising from distressing experiences that adversely affect emotional, cognitive, physical, and behavioural functioning. It is highly prevalent, with most individuals experiencing at least one traumatic event, and higher rates observed among those with severe mental illness. Trauma can significantly impair activities of daily living (ADLs), instrumental activities (IADLs), social participation, work performance, emotional regulation, and sensory processing. Trauma-informed care (TIC) is a strengths-based, client-centered approach that recognizes the widespread impact of trauma and emphasizes safety, empowerment, and prevention of re-traumatization. Guided by the “4Rs” framework—realization, recognition, response, and resistance—TIC promotes holistic care through principles such as safety, trust, collaboration, peer support, empowerment, and cultural sensitivity. Occupational therapy plays a crucial role in implementing TIC by addressing functional limitations and enhancing participation in meaningful activities. Using models such as MOHO, PEO, and recovery-oriented approaches, occupational therapists apply sensory, emotional, and occupation-based interventions to support independence and resilience. Integrating TIC into occupational therapy practice improves overall functioning and quality of life.