PRESERVING CULTURAL HERITAGE IN THE AGE OF OVERTOURISM: CHALLENGES AND SUSTAINABLE STRATEGIES

Abstract

Overtourism which is marked by excessive visitor numbers beyond a destination’s capacity, has become a critical challenge for cultural sites worldwide, from historical monuments to traditional practices. The study explores the global impact of overtourism on cultural heritage, focusing on both tangible and intangible heritage assets. The study also examines how overtourism leads to the physical degradation of heritage sites, the commercialization of cultural traditions, and the disruption of local communities. As global tourism increases, iconic sites like Venice, Machu Picchu, Khajuraho, Hampi and Bali illustrate the diverse ways in which overtourism damages heritage, including structural wear, pollution, and cultural erosion. Additionally, the strain on infrastructure and rise in property costs diminish the quality of life for residents, fostering local resistance to tourism or “tourismphobia.” This study highlights the urgent need for sustainable tourism management strategies such as visitor caps, community engagement, and the promotion of alternative destinations to balance the economic benefits of tourism with the preservation of cultural heritage. By adopting responsible tourism policies, stakeholders can protect these invaluable assets for future generations while fostering respectful and meaningful visitor experiences.