HORMONAL IMBALANCE AND MENTAL HEALTH IN WOMEN: A PSYCHOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVE

Abstract

Hormonal regulation plays a critical role in women’s psychological health across the lifespan. This chapter explores the intricate connections between hormonal imbalances and mental health, emphasizing conditions such as Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder (PMDD), Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS), postpartum hormonal changes, perimenopause, and menopause. Each of these phases is associated with distinct neuroendocrine fluctuations that can significantly influence mood, cognition, and emotional regulation. The chapter integrates findings from psychological and endocrinological research, demonstrating that imbalances in hormones such as estrogen, progesterone, cortisol, and thyroid hormones can increase vulnerability to mood disorders, anxiety, and depression. It further discusses how life-stage-specific hormonal disruptions interact with psychosocial stressors, genetic predispositions, and individual coping mechanisms to affect mental well-being. Clinical implications for assessment and psychological intervention are also addressed. The findings aim to inform both clinical practice and future research in psychology and women’s health.