REIMAGINING INDIA’S AGRICULTURAL POLICY THROUGH TRADITIONAL KNOWLEDGE SYSTEMS: A PATHWAY TO SUSTAINABLE AND INCLUSIVE RURAL DEVELOPMENT

Abstract

India’s agricultural sector stands at a critical crossroads as it seeks to balance food security, environmental sustainability, and inclusive rural development. Although modern agricultural interventions have increased productivity, they have simultaneously led to soil degradation, biodiversity loss, water scarcity, and the marginalization of small farmers. This paper examines the potential of reimagining India’s agricultural policy through the integration of Traditional Knowledge Systems (TKS), which embody centuries-old ecological wisdom, community-driven practices, and culturally rooted innovations. Using a mixed-method research framework, the study explores differences in sustainability outcomes between traditional, modern, and integrated agricultural practices across selected rural regions. Further, it assesses existing policy gaps and institutional limitations that hinder the preservation and scaling of indigenous farming knowledge. Findings are expected to demonstrate that traditional practices enhance soil health, climate resilience, and livelihood security among small and marginal farmers. The study contributes a policy integration model to guide national decision-making, ensuring that agriculture becomes not only productive but environmentally sustainable, socially equitable, and culturally respectful. By bridging indigenous knowledge with scientific advancements, India can establish a more resilient agricultural system aligned with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and aspirations of rural transformation.